The census is taken after the plague that struck the Israelites, indicating a period of loss and mourning as they count their numbers post-calamity.
The act of taking a new census symbolizes renewal and the continuity of the Israelite community, ensuring that they move forward despite past losses.
There is an underlying anticipation and hope for the future as the Israelites prepare to enter the Promised Land, counting those who will be able to fight and claim it.
The census underscores the responsibility and duty of the Israelite men to be prepared for military service and the defense of their community.